谷子种质资源抗黑穗病鉴定与过氧化物酶研究

对全国2050份谷子种质资源进行了抗黑穗病鉴定,对不同抗、感黑穗病的谷子种质资源进行了过氧化物酶活性、过氧化物酶同工酶的比较研究。结果表明,谷子不同种质资源对黑穗病的抗性存在着明显的差异。谷子种质资源对黑穗病的抗性比较稳定。谷子感染黑穗病后,抗病品种的过氧化物酶活性明显高于感病品种。过氧化物酶同工酶可以作为一种遗传标记。     

TaqMan-MGB 探针检测GSTP1外显子5SNP可行性研究

目的：评估TaqMan-MGB探针基因分型方法检测已知SNP的可行性,并与传统的PCR-RFLP方法比较。方法：高通量的TaqMan-MGB探针基因分型方法已被用来检测单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。在321倒样本中,同时用TaqMan-MGB探针基因分型方法和PCR—RFLP方法检测GSTP1外显子5SNP。结果：2种方法所得结果完全一致。野生型（AA）226例（70．4％）,杂合子（AG）92例（28．7％）,纯合突变型3例（O．9％）。结论：TaqMan-MGB探针基因分型方法是一种能快速、高度特异性、高度自动化检测SNP的方法。可用于大规模的基因分型。     

贵州从江侗族威宁彝族、荔波瑶族谷胱甘肽S-转移酶M l、Tl 和Pl 的基因多态性研究

目的：研究贵州从江侗族、威宁彝族、荔波瑶族的GSTs基因多态性。方法：在隔离自然人群中,采用多重等住基因特异聚合酶链反应方法分析GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性,同时采用PCR-RFLP的方法和TaqMan-MGB探针基因分型方法分析GSTP1（A1578G）基因多态性。结果：贵州从江侗族、成宁彝族、荔波瑶族的GSTM1和GSTT1纯合缺失基因型频率分别为59．6％～71．2％、39．4％～72.5％。其GSTP1（A1578G）基因型频率分别为：野生型（AA）为63.3％～75％、杂合子（AG）为23.2％～35．8％、纯合突变型（GG）为0～1.9％。等位基因频率：A为81．2％～86．6％,G为13．4％～18.8％。结论：贵州从江侗族、威宁彝族、荔波瑶族的GSTM1纯合缺失基因型频率在民族间差异无统计学意义,GSTP1（A1578G）基因型频率和等住基因频率在民族间差异无统计学意义,且其等位基因频率均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,但其GSTT1纯合缺失基因型频率在民族间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。     

GADD45α mediates arsenite‐induced cell apoptotic effect in human hepatoma cells via JNKs/AP‐1‐dependent pathway

Arsenite (As(III)), an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and multiple myeloma (MM), might be also a promise for the therapy of other cancers, including the solid tumors. However, the molecular bases of arsenite‐induced cytotoxicity in the tumor cells have not been fully defined. In this study, we have disclosed that arsenite effectively induces the apoptotic response in the HepG2 human hepatoma cells by triggering GADD45α induction and the subsequent activation of JNKs/AP‐1 cell death pathway. However, signaling events relating to GADD45α/JNKs/AP‐1 pathway activation have not been observed in HL7702 human diploid hepatic cells under the same arsenite exposure condition. Our results thus have illustrated the selective pro‐apoptotic role of arsenite in the hepatoma cells by activating GADD45α‐dependent cell death pathway whereas with little effect on the normal hepatic cells. The approaches to up‐regulate GADD45α levels might be helpful in improving the chemotherapeutic action of arsenite on certain solid tumors including hepatoma. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 1264–1273, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Constitutive expression of a fungal glucose oxidase gene in transgenic tobacco confers chilling tolerance through the activation of antioxidative defence system

Scientific evidences in the literature have shown that plants treated exogenously with micromole concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) acquire abiotic stress tolerance potential, without substantial disturbances in the endogenous H₂O₂ pool. In this study, we enhanced the endogenous H₂O₂ content of tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum L. cv. SR1) plants by the constitutive expression of a glucose oxidase (GO; EC 1.1.3.4) gene of Aspergillus niger and studied their cold tolerance level. Stable integration and expression of GO gene in the transgenic (T₀–T₂) tobacco lines were ascertained by molecular and biochemical tests. Production of functionally competent GO in transgenic plants was confirmed by the elevated levels of H₂O₂ in the transformed tissues. When three homozygous transgenic lines were exposed to different chilling temperatures for 12 h, the electrolyte conductivity was significantly lower in GO-expressing tobacco plants than the control plants; in particular, chilling protection was more prominent at −1°C. In addition, most transgenic lines recovered within a week when returned to normal culture conditions after −1°C–12 h cold stress. However, control plants displayed symptoms of chilling injuries such as necrosis of shoot tip, shoots and leaves, consequently plant death. The protective effect realized in the transgenic plants was comparable to cold-acclimatized wild tobacco. The chilling tolerance of transgenic lines was found associated, at least in part, with elevated levels of total antioxidant content, CAT and APX activities. Based on our findings, we predict that the transgenic expression of GO may be deployed to improve cold tolerance potential of higher plants.     

细胞生物活性肽-蛋氨酸脑啡肽对小鼠CD4~+T细胞mRNA的影响

从基因水平探讨蛋氨酸脑啡肽对小鼠CD4'T细胞mRNA转录的影响。6～8周龄BALB/c雌性小鼠体内、外不同浓度MEK刺激。采用RT-PCR技术检测mRNA,所得不同浓度MEK刺激的CD4+T细胞mRNA和β-actin条带密度比值作为相对表达强度,所得数据采用SPSS11.5软件进行统计分析。4mg/mLMEK体内刺激及10-9～10-12mol/mL的MEK体外刺激促进小鼠CD4'T细胞mRNA转录;10-1～10-8mol/mL的MEK抑制小鼠CD4+T细胞mRNA的转录。10-13～10-14mol/mL的MEK对小鼠CD4'T细胞mRNA的转录无明显变化。适量浓度的MEK体内、外刺激能促进小鼠CD4+T细胞mRNA转录的高效表达。     

肥大细胞释放生物活性介质促进TNCB致敏淋巴细胞分泌IL-17

氯化苦咪酸(TNCB)是诱导接触性超敏反应(CHS)实验模型的常用试剂,IL-17参与CHS的致病过程。利用TNCB致敏C57BL/6小鼠,4d后无菌分离淋巴结细胞。同时制备并体外活化同源小鼠成熟骨髓来源的肥大细胞(BMMC),成熟的BMMC具有肥大细胞特异性表型(FcεRI+/c-kit+),活化后可分泌TNF-α和IL-6等生物活性介质。在抗原提呈细胞存在下,活化的BMMC与淋巴结细胞体外共同培养72h,结果显示,与未致敏淋巴细胞共同培养组相比,BMMC与TNCB致敏淋巴细胞的共同培养上清中IL-17分泌水平显著增高(P0.01)。由此提示,活化的肥大细胞通过释放生物活性介质,促进TNCB致敏淋巴细胞IL-17的分泌。     

木虱啮小蜂对木虱分泌物脂溶性物质的嗅觉行为反应

利用Y-型嗅觉仪测定了木虱啮小蜂Tetrastichussp.对枸杞木虱Paratrioza sinicaYangetLi分泌物脂溶性物质的嗅觉行为反应。结果表明木虱啮小蜂的嗅觉行为反应不仅与脂溶性物质有关,而且与每一种物质的浓度也有关系。同一种脂溶性物质因浓度不同对木虱啮小蜂的作用可为吸引、排斥和无反应3种情况。浓度为0.76%正十四烷、1.52%正十四烷、1.84%正十七烷和0.49%正十八烷对木虱啮小蜂吸引作用显著(P<0.01)。0.76%(+)长叶烯、1.52%(-)长叶烯、1.14%正二十烷、2.28%正二十烷1、.22%正二十一烷以及0.62%正二十二烷对木虱啮小蜂吸引作用较前4者弱,显著水平为P<0.05。0.76%正壬烷、0.64%正十三烷、1.96%正十八烷、0.53%正十九烷及1.24%正二十二烷对木虱啮小蜂有显著的排斥作用。苯并噻唑、正十一烷和正十六烷对木虱啮小蜂无作用。浓度为0.49%正十八烷和0.57%正二十烷对木虱啮小蜂有吸引作用,而浓度为1.96%正十八烷和2.28%正二十烷对寄生蜂却有排斥作用。     

人脑星形细胞瘤中p27 kip1 蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原PCNA 表达的变化

目的:研究p27kip1蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)在星形细胞瘤中的表达与肿瘤病理分级的关系,探讨p27kip1蛋白在星形细胞瘤演变过程中的意义。方法:SP免疫组化法对64例星形细胞瘤的p27kip1蛋白和PCNA表达进行观察。结果:随着病理级别的升高,p27kip1阳性细胞百分率降低,而PCNA则相反,两者的表达成显著负相关。结论:p27kip1表达的缺失可能与星形细胞瘤的发生发展密切相关,PCNA能较客观地反映肿瘤的恶性程度。     

从酵母中提取谷胱甘肽的初步研究

考察了不同提取方法对从酵母中提取谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）的影响,热水抽提由于其提取收率高（９０％）,耗时短（１０ｍｉｎ）经济性强而明显优于其它提取方法,对７３２阳离子交换树脂纯化ＧＳＨ进行了初步研究,主要研究了树脂颗粒大小对提纯ＧＳＨ的影响,采用６０～８０目的树脂,ＧＳＨ收率为５７．６％,虽然比８０目以上的树脂低１０％但前者操作作所需时间只有后者的１／３。